H3c-technologies H3C S5120 Series Switches User Manual Page 551
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1-2
z The clock stratum determines the accuracy, which ranges from 1 to 16. The stratum of a reference
clock ranges from 1 to 15. The clock accuracy decreases as the stratum number increases. A
stratum 16 clock is in the unsynchronized state.
z The local clock of an S5120-SI Ethernet switch cannot operate as a reference clock. It can serve as
a NTP server only after synchronized.
Advantages of NTP
z NTP uses a stratum to describe the clock precision, and is able to synchronize time among all
devices within the network.
z NTP supports access control and MD5 authentication.
z NTP can unicast, multicast or broadcast protocol messages.
How NTP Works
Figure 1-1 shows the basic workflow of NTP. Device A and Device B are interconnected over a network.
They have their own independent system clocks, which need to be automatically synchronized through
NTP. For an easy understanding, we assume that:
z Prior to system clock synchronization between Device A and Device B, the clock of Device A is set
to 10:00:00 am while that of Device B is set to 11:00:00 am.
z Device B is used as the NTP time server, namely, Device A synchronizes its clock to that of Device
B.
z It takes 1 second for an NTP message to travel from one device to the other.
- Configuration Guide 1
- All Rights Reserved 2
- Trademarks 2
- Preface 3
- 1 About This Document 4
- Conventions 8
- 2 Documentation Guide 9
- Technical Support 10
- Documentation Feedback 10
- 3 Product Features 11
- Distribution Layer Switches 12
- Access Switches 12
- S9500/S7500E 13
- S5120-SI 13
- Core/Aggregation 13
- 1 CLI Configuration 15
- Entering CLI Through Telnet 20
- Command Conventions 21
- CLI View Description 22
- Command View Reference 23
- Login command views 24
- Tips on Using the CLI 28
- Typing and Editing Commands 29
- Undo Form of a Command 31
- Controlling CLI Display 31
- Saving Configurations 34
- Supported User Interfaces 37
- User Interface Number 37
- Common Configuration 42
- Password 47
- Logging In Through SSH 66
- Management System 67
- Displaying Web Users 68
- 5 Logging In Through NMS 70
- Packets 72
- 7 Controlling Login Users 73
- [Sysname] ip http acl 2030 80
- Ethernet Port Configuration 82
- Configuring a Port Group 86
- Configuration 95
- Null Interface 96
- Operational key 100
- Configuration classes 100
- Reference port 101
- LACP protocol 101
- Link aggregation modes 102
- Selecting a reference port 103
- Configuration Guidelines 106
- Network requirements 110
- Configuration procedure 110
- Table of Contents 115
- Port Isolation Configuration 116
- Networking requirements 117
- Port Mirroring Configuration 120
- 1 LLDP Configuration 125
- LLDPDUs 127
- How LLDP Works 129
- LLDP Configuration Task List 130
- Enabling LLDP 131
- Enabling LLDP Polling 132
- Configuration Prerequisites 135
- Configuring LLDP Trapping 136
- LLDP Configuration Examples 137
- LLDP status on Switch A 139
- 3) Verify the configuration 141
- 1 VLAN Configuration 143
- VLAN Fundamentals 144
- Types of VLAN 145
- Port link type 147
- Default VLAN 147
- interface vlan-interface 151
- [ vlan-interface-id ] 151
- [ interface-type 151
- VLAN Configuration Example 152
- Verification 153
- 2 Voice VLAN Configuration 154
- Voice VLAN Assignment Modes 155
- Configuring a Voice VLAN 158
- 1 MSTP Configuration 166
- Basic Concepts in STP 167
- How STP works 168
- STP timers 173
- Introduction to RSTP 174
- Introduction to MSTP 174
- Basic Concepts in MSTP 175
- Common root bridge 177
- Boundary port 177
- Roles of ports 177
- Port states 178
- How MSTP Works 179
- MSTP Configuration Task List 180
- Configuring MSTP 181
- Configuring Timers of MSTP 185
- Configuration example 190
- Configuring Port Priority 191
- Enabling the MSTP Feature 193
- Performing mCheck 194
- Configuration Procedure 195
- Configuration Example 195
- Configuring Digest Snooping 196
- GE1/0/2 GE1/0/2 198
- Configuration prerequisites 200
- Enabling BPDU guard 200
- Enabling Root guard 201
- Enabling Loop guard 202
- Enabling TC-BPDU guard 203
- MSTP Configuration Example 204
- Figure 1-13 207
- IP Addressing Configuration 210
- Special IP Addresses 211
- Subnetting and Masking 211
- Configuring IP Addresses 212
- Directly Connected Network 215
- Configuring TCP Attributes 216
- 1 ARP Configuration 222
- ARP Operation 223
- Configuring ARP 224
- Enabling the ARP Entry Check 226
- ARP Configuration Example 226
- Configuring Gratuitous ARP 227
- Introduction 229
- Configuring ARP Detection 231
- Man-in-the-middle attack 232
- ARP detection mechanism 232
- Application Environment 241
- Fundamentals 241
- Enabling DHCP 243
- Prerequisites 247
- Symptom 251
- Analysis 251
- Solution 251
- 2 DHCP Client Configuration 252
- DHCP Snooping Configuration 254
- Untrusted Untrusted 255
- BOOTP Client Configuration 262
- Through BOOTP 263
- Network requirement 264
- 1 FTP Configuration 266
- Configuring the FTP Client 267
- Configuring the FTP Server 273
- 2 TFTP Configuration 278
- Configuring the TFTP Client 279
- IP Routing and Routing Table 284
- Static Routing Configuration 288
- Configuring a Static Route 289
- 1 Multicast Overview 295
- Broadcast 296
- Multicast 297
- Features of Multicast 298
- Advantages of multicast 299
- Applications of multicast 299
- Multicast Models 300
- Multicast Architecture 300
- Multicast Addresses 301
- Multicast Protocols 303
- Layer 2 multicast protocols 304
- IGMP Snooping Configuration 306
- GE1/0/1 GE1/0/2 307
- How IGMP Snooping Works 308
- IGMP Snooping Proxying 310
- Protocols and Standards 311
- Enabling IGMP Snooping 312
- Configuring Static Ports 315
- Multicast VLAN Configuration 338
- Configuring Multicast VLAN 339
- Network requirements 342
- Network diagram 343
- 1 QoS Overview 348
- QoS Techniques Overview 349
- 2 QoS Policy Configuration 350
- Defining a Traffic Behavior 352
- Defining a Policy 352
- Applying the QoS Policy 353
- Priority Mapping Overview 355
- Priority Mapping Tables 356
- Priority Mapping Procedure 356
- Configuring Priority Mapping 357
- 4 Line Rate Configuration 361
- <Sysname> system-view 362
- SP queuing 364
- WRR queuing 364
- Configuring SP Queuing 366
- Configure WRR Queuing 367
- Configuring SP+WRR Queuing 368
- Traffic Filtering Overview 370
- Traffic Redirecting Overview 373
- 8 Appendix 374
- 802.1p Priority 376
- 1 802.1X Configuration 379
- Basic Concepts of 802.1X 380
- EAP over LAN 381
- EAP Packet Format 382
- EAP over RADIUS 383
- EAP relay 384
- EAP termination 386
- 802.1X Access Control Method 387
- 802.1X Timers 387
- VLAN assignment 388
- Guest VLAN 389
- Auth-Fail VLAN 389
- ACL assignment 390
- 802.1X Basic Configuration 391
- Enabling 802.1X for a port 392
- Enabling the Quiet Timer 394
- Configuring a Guest VLAN 395
- 802.1X Configuration Example 397
- Internet 400
- 1 AAA Configuration 407
- Introduction to RADIUS 408
- RADIUS Packet Format 410
- AAA Configuration Task List 414
- Configuring AAA 415
- [ flow ] 416
- Configuring RADIUS 424
- Creating a RADIUS Scheme 425
- 430
- AAA Configuration Examples 434
- Troubleshooting AAA 444
- 1 PKI Configuration 447
- Architecture of PKI 448
- Applications of PKI 449
- Operation of PKI 449
- PKI Configuration Task List 450
- Configuring an Entity DN 450
- Configuring a PKI Domain 452
- Deleting a Certificate 457
- PKI Configuration Examples 459
- Troubleshooting PKI 467
- Failed to Retrieve CRLs 468
- 1 SSL Configuration 470
- SSL Protocol Stack 471
- SSL Configuration Task List 472
- Troubleshooting SSL 476
- 1 SSH2.0 Configuration 479
- Version negotiation 480
- Authentication 481
- Session request 482
- Interaction 482
- Configuring an SSH User 485
- 192.168.0.2/24 490
- Vlan-int1 490
- 192.168.0.1/24 490
- 2 SFTP Service 501
- Configuring an SFTP Client 502
- Working with SFTP Files 504
- Displaying Help Information 504
- 1 Public Key Configuration 512
- 2) Configure Device B 517
- 1 HABP Configuration 522
- Configuring HABP 523
- HABP Configuration Example 524
- 1 ACL Configuration 527
- ACL Classification 528
- ACL Numbering and Naming 528
- Match Order 528
- ACL Rule Numbering Step 529
- ACL Configuration Task List 530
- Configuring an ACL 531
- Configuring an Advanced ACL 533
- Copying an ACL 535
- ACL Configuration Examples 537
- 1 Device Management 539
- Rebooting a Device 540
- Upgrading Device Software 542
- 1 NTP Configuration 550
- Advantages of NTP 551
- How NTP Works 551
- NTP Message Format 552
- Operation Modes of NTP 554
- Broadcast mode 555
- Multicast mode 555
- NTP Configuration Task List 556
- NTP Configuration Examples 565
- Root delay: 31.00 ms 571
- delay disper 571
- 1 SNMP Configuration 577
- SNMP Protocol Version 578
- MIB Overview 578
- SNMP Configuration 579
- Configuring SNMP Logging 581
- Configuring SNMP Trap 582
- Configuring Trap Parameters 583
- SNMPv3 Configuration Example 586
- 2 MIB Style Configuration 589
- 1 RMON Configuration 591
- Working Mechanism 592
- RMON Groups 592
- Private alarm group 593
- History group 593
- Ethernet statistics group 593
- 1 File System Management 602
- Directory Operations 603
- File Operations 604
- Copying a File 605
- Moving a File 605
- Deleting a File 605
- Batch Operations 606
- Storage Medium Operations 606
- Checking files 607
- <Sysname> cd 609
- <Sysname> pwd 609
- Configuration File Overview 610
- Configuration Task List 613
- Configuring Ping 620
- Ping Configuration Example 621
- Tracert 623
- System Debugging 624
- Configuring System Debugging 625
- 1 Basic Configurations 628
- Configuring the Device Name 629
- Configuring the System Clock 629
- Displaying the system clock 630
- " is in 632
- Configuring a Banner 633
- Configuring CLI Hotkeys 634
- Modifying command level 641
- Information Center Overview 644
- System Information Format 648
- Overview 665
- Mac address aging time: 500s 671
- Cluster Management Overview 673
- How a Cluster Works 674
- Introduction to NDP 675
- Introduction to NTDP 675
- DisconnectConnect 676
- Management VLAN 677
- Configuring NDP Parameters 679
- Configuring NTDP Parameters 680
- Establishing a Cluster 681
- Devices Within a Cluster 683
- Cluster Member Management 684
- Member Devices 685
- 1 HTTP Configuration 695
- Enabling the HTTP Service 696
- HTTP Configuration Example 697
- 2 HTTPS Configuration 699
- Enabling the HTTPS Service 700
- Control Policy 701
- HTTPS Configuration Example 702
- 1 Stack Configuration 707
- Establishing a Stack 708
- Configuring Stack Ports 709
- Creating a Stack 709
- Stack Configuration Example 710
- 1 PoE Configuration 714
- PoE Configuration Task List 715
- Enabling PoE 716
- Detecting PDs 717
- Configuring the PoE Power 718
- Monitoring PD 720
- Configuring PoE Profile 720
- Applying PoE Profile 721
- PoE Configuration Example 722
- Troubleshooting PoE 724
- IP Source Guard Overview 726
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